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Kyrgyzstan

Facts and Figures

IOM Member State since November 2000

Capital: Bishkek
Population (2011): 5.4 million
Area: 199,951 sq km
Languages: Kyrgyz, Russian
Currency: Kyrgyz Som (KGS)
GDP per Capita PPP (2010): USD 2,273
HDI Rank (2011): 126 of 187
Remittances (2011 estimate): USD 1,500 million
Net Migration Rate (2010-2015): -2.6 migrants /1,000 population
Immigrants (2010): 4.0%
Women as a Percentage of Immigrants (2010): 58.2%
Population under 15 (2011): 30%
Adult HIV Prevalence (2009): 0.3%

Sources and Definitions

Latest News

Overview

Porous borders and lack of a robust system that would help Kyrgyzstan to regulate migration processes create a number of difficulties for migrants from this Central Asian country. A majority of migrants from Kyrgyzstan travel to Russia and Kazakhstan in search of better opportunities to improve their living conditions. Most of the migrants are involved in individual entrepreneurship, travelling back and forth to sell goods. Many migrants from Kyrgyzstan are also recruited to work in agriculture, construction sites and the public service sector (department stores, restaurants, cafes, etc.).

With this in mind the Kyrgyz Republic intends to aim labour market policy at forming and ensuring social and economic prosperity, legal and legislative bases, recognizing international agreements and ideological background and conditions for the dynamic development of communities and the country.

It is the understanding of the Government of the Kyrgyz Republic that the policy should help to overcome negative consequences and assist in achieving a higher employment rate of the population, sufficient control of migration processes on directions, scales and composition by contributing to sustainable economic growth, strengthening state safety and providing an adequate environment to protect the rights and promote the interests of migrants.

IOM carries on its assistance to the Government and people of the Kyrgyz Republic in elaborating and implementing sustained and sound migration policies, improved legislation and appropriate administrative structures. IOM will also extend projects in the area of good governance focusing on anti-corruption and transparency in dealing with migration for development.

Facilitating Migration

IOM's initiatives in the field of Facilitating Migration include capacity building in labour migration management and consular services for citizens applying for visas at the Canadian Embassy in Moscow and implementation of the US Refugee Admissions Program in Bishkek.

Migrant Processing and Assistance

IOM Bishkek provides consular services to people residing in Kyrgyzstan who wish to apply for Canadian visa services at the Canadian Embassy in Moscow.

Refugee Processing and Assistance

The US Refugee Admissions Programme (USRAP) funded by the US Department of State, Bureau of Population, Refugees and Migration (PRM), is one of the largest continuing activities of IOM, currently operating in over 40 countries. The USRAP is aimed at processing and resettling applicants under multiple eligibility criteria, including refugees, referred by the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), refugees who apply directly under Priority 2 and refugees eligible for family reunification. IOM activities under USRAP include: processing, medical, cultural orientation and movement services.

Projects

  • Canada Visa Services in Kyrgyzstan
  • US Refugee Admissions Program (USRAP)

Regulating Migration

Central Asian Regional Migration Programme

The programme will re-assess the condition of labour migration in the region and assist the governments and civil society of both sending and receiving countries to improve labour migration management through revised national policies and legislations as well as capacity building. The project will also foster regional dialogue and cooperation on labour migration. Key to this process is the protection of rights of labour migrants. The programme will be implemented in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia and Tajikistan, and aims to contribute to poverty reduction in Central Asia through the improved livelihoods of migrants. Its purpose is to protect the rights and enhance the social and economic benefits of migrants and their families.

Capacity building of the migration agencies in Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan to better manage labour migration on national and bilateral levels

Within this project IOM intends to assist the Governments of Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan to build their capacity to improve the management of labour migration at the national and regional (bilateral) levels.

During the reporting period, IOM developed the design of information materials to be distributed among potential labour migrants. This information material will further be provided to MOLEM and NGO partners for further dissemination.

IOM managed to develop a concept of PDOS and PEOS materials, particularly video materials. IOM intends to develop 3 video materials: one general on PEOS, and two PDOS for Kazakhstan, Russia and other countries.

Combating Trafficking in Human Beings – Prevention, Protection, Prosecution

IOM's counter-trafficking initiatives provide direct assistance to victims of trafficking and establish an effective framework for them through a capable, strong and efficient network of cooperative non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and international and governmental agencies.

The programme includes: support of the NGO network; support of hotlines; preventive measures; training of religious leaders; maintenance of shelters; assistance in return and reintegration; and development sustainability of NGOs.

Peace-Building Project among Youth and Children in Osh and Jalalabad Oblasts

This project aims to support conflict resolution among children and youth in Osh and Jalalabad. The project consists of three components: (1) tolerance training and curricula for primary schools, (2) vocational education and employment for youth and (3) informational campaigns for the broader population.

Reconstruction of Adaptation and Rehabilitation center for Minors in Kyrgyzstan (South)

The project aims to provide protection and assistance to trafficked children and children who are at risk of being trafficked through the development of systematic and sustainable support mechanisms for the identification, recovery and integration.

The project activities will be directed to the reconstruction of Center of Adaptation and Rehabilitation of Minors in Osh, destroyed during the conflict in Osh in June 2010.

Projects

  • Central Asian Regional Migration Programme
  • Preparing country-specific action plans (roadmap) to improve management of labour migration in Kyrgyzstan
  • Combating Irregular Migration through Research and Support to the Border Services of Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan
  • Legal Support to Voluntary Ethnic Returnees in Kyrgyzstan
  • Assistance to Victims of Trafficking in Human Beings in the Kyrgyz Republic
  • Combating Trafficking in Persons in Central Asia: Prevention, Protection and Capacity Building
  • NGO Capacity Building on Combating Trafficking in Persons in the Kyrgyz Republic
  • Combating Trafficking in Central Asia
  • Technical Assistance to International Checkpoints in Kyrgyz Republic
  • Peace-Building Project among Youth and Children in Osh and Jalalabad Oblasts
  • Reconstruction of Adaptation and Rehabilitation center for Minors in Kyrgyzstan (South)


Last updated:
Main text: April 2011
Facts and figures: May 2012